Furnace



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. E. F. EDGAR. FURNACE.

No. 425,759. Patented Apr. 15, 1890.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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FURNACE.

No. 425,759. 1 Patented Apr. 15, 1890.

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FURNACE.

No. 425,759. Patented Apr. 15, 1890.

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No. 425,759. Patented Apr. 15, 1890.

IN VEN TOR ha we ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT ()EEIcE.

ELLIS F. EDGAR, OF WVOODBRIDGE, NEIV JERSEY.

FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 425,759, dated April 15, 1890.

Application filed July 19, 1889. Serial No. 317,980. (No model.)

To ctZZ whom it may concern:

Be-it known that I, ELLIS F. EDGAR, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of \Voodbridge, in the county of Middlesex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces and Analogous Devices, of which the following is a specification.

Figure 1 is a view, partly in vertical section and partly in side elevation, of a locomotive boiler and furnace constructed to utilize my invention. Fig. 1 represents in section a heater embodying the features of my inven- 'tion; Fig. 2, a cylinder-stove (in section for the greater part) also embodying the same. Fig. 3 is an upper face view of one of the rings I preferably use to inclose one side of the fuel-space. Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional View on line y y, Fig. 3. Fig.5 is a similar view on line 0 0, Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a perspective of another cylinder stove, partly in section, embodying the main features of the invention in a slightly different form. Fig. 7 is a planview of the disk inclosing the fuel space in the last stove, part of the surface being broken away to show the interior. Fig. 8 is a View, partly in section, of a cookingstove containing the invention. Fig. 9 is a view in perspective of one division of the wall used to inclose the fuel-space in said stove. Fig. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view on line w 00, Fig. 9; and Fig. 11 is a similar view on line 2 2', Fig. 9.

I have discovered that a great saving of fuel may be effected by burning the same in a thin layer or sheet inolosed in a space the walls of which approach to or near the fuel and are provided with apertures for draft. The burning in such case is more complete and the fuel, if coal, more entirely reduced to ash, and, if air is properly introduced, without clinkering, the result being the production of greaterutilizable heat from a given quantity of fuel than has heretofore been the custom, and the apparatus I have devised for so burning fuel is the invention I here seek to secure by Letters Patent.

In the heater shown in Fig. 1, A is the outer wall, A is the inner wall, and between them is a hot-air space 13.

O is an annular disk preferably secured to the inner wall to support parts to be described. At the inner edge it is provided with flanges c c or lugs. Abar b rests on. flange c and extends across the annular opening in C. At the center this bar supports another annulus O' with an outwardly-extending flange 0 upon which and c the grate G rests. C supports a hollow perforated cylinder G, preferably closed and pointed at the top.

Resting upon the inner edge of O are a series of rings placed one upon the other and having upon their inner sides a depending flange or lip Z, preferably brought to an edge at the bottom, the size of these rings being such as to leave about four inches or less of space between them and cylinder G, which space constitutes the fuel-space. The purpose of the flange or lip Z is to. inclose the fuel, and yet leave as small a surface for contact with the fuel as convenient, thereby preventing the formation of clinker, and to further insure this end and also to aid combustion passages 13 are cut through the rings 0 from top to bottom, which, being placed in line,

form a channel from the bottom to near the top of the stack. Other passages 19 are provided, leading inwardly from said channel, preferably, to the space between one ring and the depending lip of the next, whereby air is supplied, for the purposes stated; but if this were all the draft would be choked and the fire smothered, and so I have provided for draft by cutting depressions p in the rings, which, when they are placed one upon another, form draft-passages leading from the fuel-space toward the chimney.

It is the fuel-reservoir and feed leading from a convenient opening at r to the fuelspace, and preferably swelled at thebottorn to cover and complete the inclosure of said space. To prevent the melting of the walls of this feed-chamber, I place a jacket J about it and lead into thisjacket flues f, extending through the outer wall of the heater. The air entering them prevents fuel-magazine R from becoming too hot, and the heat the air receives is utilized by connecting the jacket with the hot-air space by flues f. From the hot-air space 13 hot air is to be led off to the register-pipes.

2 are other flues extending from the outer air through the inner wall and opening into a v 4253x522 space B for the purpose of permitting air to enter, be heated, and pass on to the registers.

S is the slnoke-pipe, and II the hot-air or register pipes. At the bottom there are the usual ash-pit, door, dampers, and other appliances.

The parts shown in Fig. 2 are substantially similar; but, there being no flare to that fuelreservoir, the rings 0 are'decreased in size toward the top of the stack that the upper one may fit the lower end of the reservoir. The grate is shaped correspondingly to leave the fuel-space of substantially even width, and the hot-air space E and fiues f, f and H are omitted.

Fig. 6 represents avery simple form of the apparatus, there being merely the ordinary grate, a fiat perforated disk suspended above it to inclose the fuel-space,with channels leading from the outer air throughsaid disk, passages from said channels to the surface of the disk, dampers controlling the entrance to said channels, and a door opening into the fuel-space, the usual draft-openings of course being provided below the grate.

In Fig. 8 a, different form of fuel-space being desired, the form of the inclosing wall is altered to that shown in Fig. 9, the stack being supported at the bottom by the stove-lining and at the top in any suitable manner,-

(here by another part of the stove lining.) Then to make the space of even Width Iplace a front piece G2 substantially parallel with the inner edges of the stack, perforated for the admission of air, and provide a covered opening D, through which fuel may be introduced into the fuel-space so formed, it being intended that no fuel shall be introduced into the device shown in Fig. 8 or that of Fig. 1 except through the opening D, leading into the fuel-space between Gt and O, as fuel introduced in. front of G on the side opposite that facing O wouldprevent the proper operation of the parts by making a thick instead of a thin body of fuel, and also by causing G to melt down.

The operation is obvious anda detailed description thereof unnecessary. As can read ily be seen, the wall 0 will become highly heated, but not melted, as it is provided with air-passages to prevent such a result. No air reaches the surface of the burning fuel without becoming heated. Thereis no large open space for air next the fuel to receive and carry-oft into the chimney such heat as is generated; but that heat is made to raise the temperature of a large radiating-surface before it can escape, and the result is very beneficial.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a heating apparatus, the combination of a fuel-space entirely surrounded by walls, one i of which completely incloses said fuelspace on the side toward the draft-exit and is located close to the fuel and but a short distance from another wall or grate, whereby but a thin body of fuel can be accommodated within the fuel-space,draft-apertures leading through the walls to and from the fuel-space, and an opening for the introduction of fuel, substantially as set forth.

2. In a heating apparatus, the combination of a fuel-space with inclosing-walls placed as described, whereby but a thin body of fuel can be accommodated within said space, one of said walls being formed of a series of parts placed one upon the other and having depending lips upon the inner side, draft-passages through said walls leading to the fuel-space and from it to the smoke-pipe, and an opening for the introduction of fuel, substantially as set forth.-

3. In a heating apparatus,the combination of, a fuel-space entirely surrounded by walls, one of which completely'incloses said fuelspace on the side toward the draft-exit and is provided with air-channels leading into it, passages leading from said channels to that sur' face of said wall outside of the fuel-space and locatedclosetothe fuelandbutashortdistance from another wall or grate, whereby but athin body of fuel can be accommodated with in the fuel-space, draft-apertures leading through the walls to and from the fuel-space, and an opening for the introduction of fuel, substantially as set forth.

I 4. In a heating apparatus, the combination of a fuel-space entirely surrounded by walls,

one of which completely incloses said fuelspace on the side toward the draft-exit and is provided with air-channels leading into it,but not into the fuel-space, passages leading from said channels to that surface of said wall outside of the fuel-space and located close to the fuel and but a short distance'from another wall or grate, whereby but a thin body of fuel can be accommodated within the fuel-space,

draft-apertures leading through thewalls to and from the fuel-space, and a fuel-opening, substantially as set forth.

5. In a heating apparatus, the combination of a fuel-space entirely surrounded by walls, one of which completely incloses said fuelspace on the side toward the draft-exit, is formed of a series of parts placed one upon the other, as described, and is provided with air-channels leading into it, passages leading from said channelsto that surface of said wall outside of the fuel-space'and located close.

to the fuel and but a short distance from another wall or grate, whereby but a thin body of fuel can be accommodated within the fuelspace, draft-apertures leading through the walls to and from the fuel-space, and a fuelopening, substantially as set forth.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of.New York, this 17th day of July, A. D. 1889.

ELLIS n. EDGAR.

Witnesses:

PERCY S. VERMILYA, A. G. N. VERMILYA. 

